Comparison and Sustainability of Social Security Systems in Turkey and in the World

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This study aims to investigate the social security systems used in the world, It has been prepared in order to compare it with the one in Turkey and to offer sustainability suggestions.

As a result of the comparative analysis of the social security systems implemented in the states in the world and in Turkey, it has been determined that the reform processes of the social security systems in the world and in Turkey have not been completed yet. The Turkish economy has achieved great success by growing in recent years; its reflections have been seen in all areas of the social security system. For the continuation of this success, it is necessary to maintain the economic growth, to prevent the budget deficits of the social security institution, to keep it in balance, to bring unregistered employment to a reasonable level and to solve similar problems.

The aim of the Social Security System is to secure the entire society at an optimum level within the political and economic systems implemented by a country and within the framework of the demographic and geographical conditions. As a result of the target, the country's economy can be affected positively or negatively.

In the process of structuring the Social Security System in Turkey, generally, the systems of the states with which international agreements are made or the systems of the states in the International Organizations have been taken as a standard. Social Security systems, which have not matured due to many effects, especially technology, arising from constant change even in the world, have not yet completed the maturation process in Turkey.

In this study, the differences and similarities between the Social Security Systems, which are generally used in the world's states and the system used in Turkey, are defined with the descriptive method and statistical data, and it is tried to determine the sustainable Social Security System.

First of all, general information about the basic concepts of the social security system, the development of the social security system in the world, the legal sources of the system, social security approaches in economic systems, the tools of social security and the concepts of social assistance and services, and the social security systems that are generally implemented and become clear, are given. Comparative analysis findings were evaluated by revealing the similarities and differences between the social security systems that are generally applied in the states and the system being implemented in Turkey.

Sustainability suggestions were presented about the Turkish Social Security System and other systems implemented.

Keywords: Social security, Health expenditures, Retirement, Sustainability,